Hunting in Spain. Prohibitions, laws and opportunities

August 1, 2024

Hunting has been prevalent since ancient times as a way to get food and clothing because that is what our ancestors did. Therefore, its history goes back thousands of years. No matter what part of the world you are in, everyone knows who a hunter is.
Different countries and cultures changed it, making their corrections. Hunting with dogs is traditional for some, while others go with friends or on their own to completely immerse themselves in this process. Also, many people use hunting to relax and rest, be alone with nature, and get new energy for action. It is essential to plan the hunt so you will know when you can relax or look for quick ways to restore the resource. Nowadays, recreation in nature is one of them. Research and confirmation of the dependence of our mental and physical well-being on the strength of our connection with nature is increasingly appearing. That may be why nature recreation is becoming increasingly popular among city dwellers, especially among megalopolis residents.
Of course, the hunting process is unique for everyone; it depends on wishes and principles, lifestyles, and traditions passed down from generation to generation for thousands of years. After all, each hunter has his attitudes and plans for hunting, tested by time and experience. However, novice hunters can find a lot of new knowledge and impressions in this activity, regardless of their skills.
Hunting varies depending on the country. For example, in Spain, it is an opportunity to spend time with like-minded people, exchange experiences and learn something new. However, with the development of the latest technologies and the rights of hunters, new opportunities and certain restrictions arise, which should be considered when planning and observing a hunt. For example, photo hunting is gaining momentum and has already found its supporters among animal protectionists and nature lovers. In contrast, others cannot imagine their lives without auxiliary devices such as various baits, night vision devices, camouflage, etc. And although everything is based on an occupation, each generation has adapted it to their needs.

History of hunting in Spain
The history of hunting originates in ancient times, far from our modern life, even when the world map did not have such a division on the country as it is now in a time when the Tribes gathered the best and strongest people to add what was necessary for life and fur that could protect against the cold. Naturally, such a man had the most incredible popularity among his tribe because everyone's life and health depended on them. After all, it was not just a simple way of obtaining food but also a defining survival aspect. For our ancient ancestors, it was essential to communicate, track and catch games. This tradition was first passed from generation to generation, and only the worthy was considered the honor of becoming a hunter. This is how they chose the leaders of the tribe and the best men for the continuation of the family because they were fearless, strong and determined. With time, the process of hunting and its approach also changes because technical progress has made itself felt. The transition to a more modern system and the simplification of life in all its spheres occurred in Spain on the surface. This was the rhythm of life worldwide; only the landscapes changed, the hunters themselves and, of course, the prey stood out. However, one of the defining differences of the country became the unique forms of formation of traditions and conditions for the development of hunting at a time when people lived in harmony with nature and the world. The realization that man is a part of nature and it is worth finding ways of interaction became the basis for the development of hunting. Especially since all new ways of obtaining food appeared and hunting took a back seat.
The medieval period was marked by the flowering of hunting not only as a means of pure survival but also as a way of forming a particular brand of personality and demonstrating opportunity. The great ranks used hunting to demonstrate their power and authority, agree on something, and demonstrate their skill and the latest technology. It became not only a form of entertainment but also a crucial source of social support because it helped establish relations between all communities and sometimes even states. Hunting in the Middle Ages was a natural spectacle in which the nobility gathered various dukes, kings, and so on; only the chosen ones had the opportunity to hunt in closed areas with their assistants and stay in the vast hunting estates of their owners. Hunting began to unite people not by needs but by interests. They solved complex issues and developed together, which helped shape the industry.
Hunting conditions have also changed with the development of the industrial sector and the economy in Spain. After all, opening new plants and factories capable of providing everyone with food and clothing was inevitable. That is why rapid hunting became so necessary; they became unnecessary. This led to the occupation becoming more of a form of recreation and entertainment, an opportunity to test one's strength and enjoy socializing with like-minded people, which was widely valued among the upper class. Later, hunting skills and abilities became a sport that constantly improved and required good training.
Today, hunting has become a sport or recreation and an authentic tribute to the traditions and culture our ancestors left us after so many generations. It was able to combine the traditions of past centuries and the latest technologies. On the one hand, it remains an essential element of culture and traditions passed down from generation to generation. On the other hand, modern hunting uses a variety of technical means to make this activity more efficient and safer. For example, night vision devices significantly increase the hunter's productivity and hunting efficiency. During modern hunting, it is impossible to do without technologies because they greatly simplify the process and help treat the prey more humanely. Therefore, Spanish legislation considers the wishes of hunters and the necessity of one type of hunting in certain territories.
In this context, hunting develops and becomes an ancient tradition handed down from ancestors and an essential component of the social and ecological life of man and nature and their interaction with each other. An opportunity to show your concern for the environment and find a balance between your needs and the needs of nature. From ancient times to the present day, hunting remains an integral part of the identity of Spain, which continues to live and develop in new conditions. After all, it is precisely in the combination of traditions and modern devices that we will get such an excellent combination.

Hunting in Spain: Its features
Of course, hunting in Spain, like in any other region, has unique characteristics that make it attractive not only for guests of the country and hunters but also for residents. These features give the hunt a certain charm and add interest, regardless of the hunter's experience.
The first thing that attracts tourists is the variety of landscapes because the spectrum of nature covers you, from dense huge forests to mountain massifs and boundless steppes. This diversity contributes to the development of many species of animals and their comfortable living, which, in combination, is an ideal place for hunting. Various species of animals, including large mammals such as deer, wild boars, mouflons, and many species of birds, make hunting here exciting and allow you to try different types of hunting even during one vacation. The Pyrenees, Sierra Morena, Cantabrian Mountains and other mountain ranges provide ideal locations for hunting large mammals. Among these, you can find deer, wild boar, mouflon and chamois in Spain's open spaces. The forested regions of Catalonia and Galicia also offer excellent opportunities for hunters who hunt smaller animals and birds. To the south of the country, in Andalusia, the steppes and plains have become a great place for hunting partridges and other game species. Therefore, there is a unique opportunity to enjoy a variety of species and get some outstanding trophies. The main thing is to ensure that hunting is legal at certain times of the year.
Hunting is also an opportunity for many hunters to make new acquaintances among like-minded people, develop new hunting skills or even try out new equipment, such as a thermal imager or a night vision device. Since hunting in Spain is part of family traditions and cultural heritage, it is an excellent opportunity to learn about the history and peculiarities of the country from the locals. Many families pass down hunting skills from generation to generation by organizing family hunts and competitions. Hunting is also a popular form of recreation among friends and colleagues, which helps to strengthen social ties. Many villages and towns hold hunting holidays and festivals, where residents can exchange experiences and share the spoils.
Also, the development of the hunting sphere, namely hunting lodges and guides in the territories, significantly contributes to the formation of the budget of a small village near the hunting grounds, which contributes to the development of rural regions, creating jobs and providing income to local communities. Specialized hunting tours and safaris attract tourists worldwide seeking a unique hunting experience in Spain.
So, hunting in Spain has unique features that make it popular among locals and tourists. The country's diverse landscape, rich animal life, social and economic aspects, and ecological support make hunting an important and exciting part of life.

Prohibitions, laws and opportunities
Hunting in Spain is strictly regulated both nationally and regionally. The primary legislation governing hunting in Spain is the Hunting Law. In addition, each region has its laws and regulations, which may differ depending on local conditions.
For example, one of the most important rules is to have a valid hunting license for the time of hunting, which is issued by the relevant authorities of the autonomous regions. This License is an official confirmation that the hunter has undergone the necessary training and has sufficient knowledge of safety techniques, hunting rules and environmental responsibility. This knowledge is essential for a comfortable interaction between man and nature.
Also, every hunter must have a valid insurance policy covering all possible risks in case of injury to third parties or himself. Insurance is your guarantee that in case of a critical situation or an accident, each victim will receive the necessary help or compensation.
Separate laws also regulate the possession and use of hunting weapons during hunting and have their impact. After all, using such weapons is quite dangerous and differs from other types. Firstly, for this, you need to have an appropriate permit issued after passing a medical examination and a check for the absence of criminal records. Secondly, you must learn how to use it properly, aim for, and even move hunting weapons so as not to cause harm.
There are also certain restrictions that hunters should consider before starting the hunt and follow them without objection. For example, hunting for some species of animals is strictly prohibited. Such species include rare and endangered animals that are under state protection. The relevant authorities regularly update the list of prohibited species. This rule is necessary to preserve the natural biodiversity of Spain and is monitored by the services that control it. Therefore, before the trip, we recommend that you review the list of prohibited animals for hunting in a specific month or season because this also affects the permit.
Also, it is worth considering that hunting is allowed only during certain periods of the year to prevent excessive extermination of animals, especially during reproduction and migration. For maximum accuracy, such graphs are created using biological studies and ecologists' recommendations.
However, in addition to prohibitions, hunters have many opportunities to meet their needs and develop their hunting skills. Spain offers many hunting opportunities thanks to its varied landscape and abundant wildlife. Hunters can enjoy different types of hunting depending on their preferences and abilities.
Hunting large animal species such as wild boars, mouflons and other large mammals is also permitted. Although this type of hunting requires perfect skills and endurance from the hunter, most people highly appreciate this opportunity. Modern weapons, baits and other auxiliary devices can be tested precisely during this type of hunting.
If you like bird hunting, then the expanses of Spain offer such an opportunity. A variety of pheasants, partridges and ducks are at your service. Bird hunting usually uses hunting dogs to help locate and raise the game. Many hunters use specially trained dogs to hunt small mammals and birds. Popular breeds of hunting dogs include Spaniels, labradors, setters and pointers. Therefore, you can also try this more traditional type of hunting. Sometimes, they even find real friends and like-minded people among hunters and dogs because this is an entirely different pleasure from hunting.
Generally, hunting in Spain allows you to balance rules and opportunities, taking care of the environment and allowing hunters to develop in various aspects. Therefore, consider the restrictions if you try your hand at Spanish lands.

Preparation for hunting
Hunting in each state has its special atmosphere, from vast deserts and snowy cliffs to reservoirs and majestic forests where various species of animals hide. Therefore, preparation for hunting in different areas should be thorough so as not to forget important equipment or permits but to enjoy the process of hunting and get a cool result. In addition to your preparation for hunting, your physical strength must be in order because the duration of the process can be completely different and sometimes cause specific difficulties. Therefore, practice before hunting, especially before long or night hunting with night vision devices. This step is crucial as you must be durable and carry all the necessary equipment for an extended period, which can be tricky, especially if you are hunting alone.
So, before going hunting, it is essential to study the local rules and restrictions because each country has unique rules and restrictions that should be taken into account. In addition, you need to understand the type of hunt, weather conditions and game you will be hunting; this is important to understand what equipment you may need.
Also, obtaining all the required documents and permits is necessary before starting the hunt. This includes a hunting license, gun permit and liability insurance. Your hunt will be illegal without these documents, so obtain them in advance. To get a hunting license, a hunter must undergo special training, which includes theoretical and practical classes. The training covers safety rules, environmental protection, animal behavior and hunting ethics. All these topics are critical because the state must be sure that you consciously approach hunting and will follow all the specified rules. A license is issued after successfully passing the exam, proving your fruitful study and understanding of your duties and rights. A weapon permit is issued after passing a medical examination and checking the absence of criminal records. The medical examination includes a vision, hearing and general health check to ensure the hunter can safely use the weapon. Liability insurance is mandatory and protects in the event of accidents or damage caused to third parties. If everything is ready, it is worth laying out the route. Decide on the types of animals you can hunt during your vacation and prepare the necessary equipment. Also, learn the area, especially if you are visiting for the first time, or try hunting with other more experienced hunters. It will help share experiences and develop skills.
If you try it on your own or with friends for the first time, we recommend you familiarize yourself with the region's traditions in advance. After all, each hunting community differs from another and has its laws, the observance of which I closely follow. Certain restrictions exist on the duration of the hunt and the period of using certain weapons.
Clothing and equipment are not last on the list when preparing. After all, your comfort is one of the foundations of a successful hunt. You should be dressed in weather-friendly clothing that will not restrict movement and is light enough. For hunting in a cold climate, you need warm and waterproof clothes, and in the summer season - light and breathable equipment.
And, of course, the choice of weapons is no less critical. Firearms, good optics, camouflage and decoys will be helpful, especially when hunting predators. For example, a good rifle or shotgun will be beneficial when hunting a bear or a giant deer because you don't want to get too close to them. A powerful zoom will also help you to aim clearly and hit the target. A shotgun or rifle is best if you are going to hunt wild geese or ducks, but their caliber can vary depending on the conditions. It is essential to choose a weapon that considers the characteristics of animals and natural landscapes so that the hunt is successful. When hunting predators, baits are often used for scent and food because desert areas, for example, are large, and it isn't easy to track down a coyote. Luring him to a particular area and showing his skills will be easier.

Preparation of equipment
When you have already received all the permits and prepared for processing for the hunt, value your equipment, ensure its reliability, and check that the weapon is in working order. Regular maintenance and cleaning of the weapon are necessary to ensure its reliability. Also, do not forget to prepare accessories such as cartridges, knives, binoculars and other tools needed during the hunt.
The main thing you need for hunting is a weapon and a variety of equipment that will ensure success and pleasant hunting experiences, make it exciting and train your skills. Depending on your prey, you need a weapon with different ranges and capabilities.
A pistol or rifle should be pre-aimed so that you can clearly understand the bullet's trajectory but be light and comfortable to work for long periods. Remember that the firearm you will use must be durable and have a range that will allow you to aim and hit your target. Therefore, if you are unsure of the distance, it is better to take it further. You must have a laser or ordinary rangefinder to determine the distance range. This will significantly simplify the measurement, and you will surely hit the target, not just scare or anger the animal. However, a successful hunt requires more than just weapons.
Their ammunition should not be enough, but more than necessary since this factor cannot be prevented. Not only the loot obtained but also your life or health may depend on their number and ability to shoot, so plan an ample supply of bullets and various ammunition, mainly so that they are always at hand so that you can additionally take bags or a belt for them.
Sights are indispensable for hunting at medium and long distances when hitting the target depends on clarity. Good optics allow you to see the image clearly and the sight to locate the point (target) for a high-quality shot and calculate the trajectory in the target for a quick and clean hit.
Clothing and footwear must meet hunting conditions and provide comfort and protection from weather conditions. Camouflage clothing will help you remain invisible to animals, and special shoes will ensure comfort during long transitions. It is better to wear clothes in several layers so that you can put on or take off a layer if necessary. It is also worth considering its convenience because you will be constantly moving, so nothing will limit you, and you will be comfortable.
Other accessories include binoculars for watching animals, knives for processing prey, backpacks for carrying equipment and food, and communication tools such as walkie-talkies or mobile phones with spare batteries.
Take care of a place to sleep and relax. A tent, mattress or sleeping bag will be helpful during long trips. Comfortable conditions for sleeping and recovery will make your stay in nature more comfortable, which is necessary during a challenging day on the hunt. Therefore, when choosing a tent, you should pay attention to the manufacturing of the material and its resistance to moisture and wind because, thanks to such protection, you will feel better. Security, in this case, is also critical, so choose reliable and modern locks that are possibly affordable so as not to meet uninvited guests in the tent.
Of course, you can also turn a hunting lodge into a place to rest. In it, you will find everything you need to relax and spend quality time with friends, discussing the day's events and sharing impressions.
At night, predators that have gone hunting or other animals that wake up only at night appear on the horizon. Therefore, if you want to try your hand at night hunting or simply observe nature, add night vision to your equipment list, which will greatly increase your chances of seeing their nightlife with your own eyes.
Hunting in Spain is a unique traditional activity that attracts hunters worldwide and gives extraordinary impressions. However, it is worth considering the laws and restrictions in force in this area so that your hunt is exciting and successful and complies with the laws of nature conservation. This process is controlled in Spain, so it is worth approaching with all responsibility. Hunters need to obtain permits and health insurance and learn about the prohibited species of animals even before starting the hunt. This is all extremely important. However, the opportunities are also great, such as hunting large species of animals and a variety of birds and enjoying and exploring a variety of nature, which is an excellent addition to standard hunting. Therefore, if you have not yet tried hunting in Spain, we recommend doing so because the traditions and new experiences you can get are simply unique.